While I am not a fan of active management, David Swensen outlines some characteristics of truly outstanding managers in a chapter titled “Winning the Active Management Game”. These principles are in turn sourced from a 1998 report of Longleaf Partners funds. A winning mutual fund will:

  1. Treat investor’s money as their own.
  2. Have managers invest significant portions of their wealth in their own fund.
  3. Invest for the long-term and exhibit low turnover.
  4. Have a clear investment strategy.
  5. Concentrate their portfolio in their best ideas.
  6. Have low costs, recognizing its importance in earning attractive returns.
  7. Limit assets under management by closing the fund to new investors.

The vast majority of mutual funds fail to meet these criteria and Mr. Swensen notes that perhaps a few dozen out of the 9,000 or 10,000 funds in the U.S. would merit consideration. He adds a few words of caution for a hopeful market beater:

Even after identifying an extraordinarily talented team willing to act in investor interest by pursuing superior returns, a harsh reality intrudes. The standard prospectus boilerplate language defines the problem: “Past performance provides no guarantee of future results.” People change. Markets change. Circumstances change. Even with all the stars properly aligned, the most carefully considered decisions sometimes prove wrong.